F(A,B,C) = Σm(0,1,2,5,6,7) — Quine–McCluskey

intro6 prime implicants, 0 essential, 2 minimal covers

Answer

A′ · B′ + B · C′ + A · C | A′ · C′ + B′ · C + A · B

Note:

2 equally minimal forms exist, all of the same cost: A′ · B′ + B · C′ + A · C | A′ · C′ + B′ · C + A · B.

Why this example is worth doing

The canonical cyclic chart. Every prime implicant covers exactly two minterms and every minterm is covered by exactly two prime implicants, so no row is essential and the usual essential-then-dominance reduction stalls immediately with the chart untouched. That is precisely the situation Petrick's method exists for: write a product of sums over the rows that cover each column, multiply it out, absorb, and read off the cheapest product. This example is where the page introduces the algorithm, because here it is not optional.

Try your own input in the Quine–McCluskey solver. Minimise past the K-map limit with the full tabular method and Petrick’s step.

How the answer is reached

Quine–McCluskey

Prime implicants — Quine–McCluskey
#Term
1A′ · B′
2A′ · C′
3B′ · C
4B · C′
5A · C
6A · B
Every minimum cover — Quine–McCluskey
#Cover
1A′ · B′ + B · C′ + A · C
2A′ · C′ + B′ · C + A · B
Warning:

3 term(s), 6 literal(s); 0 essential prime implicant(s).

Truth table

Truth table — columns #, A, B, C, F
#ABCF
00001
10011
20101
30110
41000
51011
61101
71111

Compare with

Open this example in the Quine–McCluskey solver

The field arrives filled in with this example’s input.

Note:

Notation this page assumes

  • Symbols: · is AND, + is OR, ⊕ is XOR, a prime or an overline is NOT. The field also takes ∧ ∨ ¬ ~ ! & | and the words.
  • Operator precedence, tightest first: NOT, then AND (including juxtaposition), then XOR/XNOR, then NAND/NOR, then OR, then IMPLIES, then IFF.
  • In a minterm index the first variable is the most significant bit, so over [A, B, C] minterm 5 is A·B̄·C.

Sources

  • Quine, “The Problem of Simplifying Truth Functions” (1952)
  • McCluskey, “Minimization of Boolean Functions” (1956)
  • Petrick, “A Direct Determination of the Irredundant Forms” (1956)