Full adder, A = 1, B = 1, Cin = 1 — adders

core1 + 1 + 1 = 11

Answer

S = 1, Cout = 1

Why this example is worth doing

Three ones sum to three, which is binary 11: sum bit 1, carry 1. It is the row that shows the full adder is genuinely a three-input device rather than a half adder with an extra pin, and it is the row most often got wrong by hand. The page presents S = A ⊕ B ⊕ Cin and Cout as the majority function, both derived from the eight-row table rather than quoted.

Try your own input in the Half adder & full adder. Truth tables, K-maps and circuits for both adders, and the ripple-carry chain.

How the answer is reached

The probed row

A = 1, B = 1, Cin = 1

Output table

Output table — columns A, B, Cin, S, Cout
ABCinSCout
00000
00110
01010
01101
10010
10101
11001
11111

Compare with

Open the Half adder & full adder

This input is entered in the tool itself — it is too rich for a link to carry.

Note:

Notation this page assumes

  • Symbols: · is AND, + is OR, ⊕ is XOR, a prime or an overline is NOT. The field also takes ∧ ∨ ¬ ~ ! & | and the words.
  • Operator precedence, tightest first: NOT, then AND (including juxtaposition), then XOR/XNOR, then NAND/NOR, then OR, then IMPLIES, then IFF.
  • Gate symbols follow whichever standard the header toggle is set to: ANSI/IEEE Std 91-1984 distinctive shapes, or IEC 60617-12 rectangles.

Sources

  • Shannon, “A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits” (1938)
  • ANSI/IEEE Std 91-1984, Graphic Symbols for Logic Functions