A + A·B = A — Boolean algebra laws

introabsorption

Answer

verified equivalent (both sides → A)

Why this example is worth doing

Absorption gets its own worked page because it is the law students can state and still fail to apply. The page proves it three ways — by truth table, by factoring through the annulment law, and by K-map, where A·B is a sub-rectangle of the A rectangle and adds no area. The geometric reading is the one that tends to stick: absorption is what it looks like when one group is entirely inside another, and its dual A·(A + B) = A is the same picture in the OFF-set.

Try your own input in the Boolean laws & theorems. Every law, both duals, each with a truth-table proof you can check.

How the answer is reached

The law

A + A · BABoth sides have the same truth table over the union of their variables.

Truth table

Truth table — columns #, A, B, F
#ABF
0000
1010
2101
3111

Compare with

Open the Boolean laws & theorems

This input is entered in the tool itself — it is too rich for a link to carry.

Note:

Notation this page assumes

  • Symbols: · is AND, + is OR, ⊕ is XOR, a prime or an overline is NOT. The field also takes ∧ ∨ ¬ ~ ! & | and the words.
  • Operator precedence, tightest first: NOT, then AND (including juxtaposition), then XOR/XNOR, then NAND/NOR, then OR, then IMPLIES, then IFF.
  • In a minterm index the first variable is the most significant bit, so over [A, B, C] minterm 5 is A·B̄·C.

Sources

  • Boole, An Investigation of the Laws of Thought (1854)
  • Shannon, “A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits” (1938)